Tug‘ma pnevmoniyali muddatiga yetib tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda tokoferol-terapiya samaradorligi
Annotatsiya
Kirish. Tug‘ma pnevmoniya (TP) yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda 1,5–5% chastotada aniqlanadi va homila ichi infeksiyalarining eng og‘ir shakllaridan biri hisoblanadi. Yuqori tarqalish, nafas yetishmovchiligi xavfi va kasallikning cho‘zilgan kechishi qo‘shimcha terapevtik yondashuvlarni talab qiladi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi. Tug‘ma pnevmoniyali muddatiga yetib tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarning qonidagi alfa-tokoferol darajasi dinamikasini o'rganish. Material va usullar. Tadqiqotga 83 nafar yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloq kiritildi: 63 nafari klinik va laborator tarzda tasdiqlangan TP bilan, 20 nafari esa sog‘lom nazorat guruhini tashkil etdi. TP bo‘lgan bemorlar ikki guruhga ajratildi: I‑guruh (n=32) standart davolash bilan birga peroral α‑tokoferol terapiyasini oldi, II‑guruh (n=31) faqat standart davolashni qabul qildi. Barcha ishtirokchilarda klinik va laborator tekshiruvlar o‘tkazildi: umumiy va biokimyoviy qon tahlili, α‑tokoferol konsentratsiyasini yuqori samarali suyuqlik xromatografiyasi va mass‑spektrometriya yordamida aniqlash, shuningdek ko‘krak qafasi rentgenografiyasi. Statistik tahlil guruhlar o‘rtasidagi farqlar ishonchliligini baholash uchun variatsion usullar yordamida amalga oshirildi. Natijalar va muhokama. Boshlang‘ich ko‘rsatkichlarda α‑tokoferol darajasi guruhlar bo‘yicha o‘xshash edi. Hayotning uchinchi kunida antioksidant konsentratsiyasi oshdi, bunda qo‘shimcha terapiya olgan bolalarda ko‘tarilish ancha yaqqol bo‘ldi. Oltinchi kunida farqlar kuchaydi: asosiy guruhda α‑tokoferol darajasi ishonchli ravishda yuqori (4% gacha) qayd etildi. Klinik jihatdan bu nafas yetishmovchiligini tezroq bartaraf etish (3–4 kun, nazoratda 5–7 kun), intoksikatsiya belgilari kamayishi, laborator ko‘rsatkichlarning normallashuvi va o‘pkadagi infiltrativ o‘zgarishlarning tezroq so‘rilishi (9–10 kun, nazoratda 12–14 kun) bilan birga kechdi. O‘rtacha kasalxonada yotish muddati 3 sutkaga qisqardi. Xulosa. Tokoferolni TP bilan tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarni davolashda qo‘llash nafas yetishmovchiligi chastotasini 15,8% gacha, intoksikatsiya belgilari darajasini 19,2% gacha kamaytiradi va kasalxonada yotish muddatini uch kunga qisqartiradi. Bu klinik va iqtisodiy samaradorlikni tasdiqlaydi hamda tokoferolni neonatal kompleks terapiyada muhim komponent sifatida qo‘llash maqsadga muvofiqligini ko‘rsatadi.
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